Mitochondrial antibody

Mitochondrial antibody


MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIBODY

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Liver associated antibodies
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Tissue specific: anti-mitochondrial antibody (Click on images for full size)

Nine types of anti-mitochondrial antibodies can be identified (namely M1 to M9) and can be detected on rodent tissue (liver-kidney-stomach) and HEp-2.

Antibody	Kidney tubules		Stomach		Liver
Antibody	Proximal	Distal	Parietal cells	Chief cells	Hepatocytes
M2	++	+++	++	- / +	++


Anti-mitochondrial antibody on liver, kidney, stomach and HEp-2 cells:-
Liver		Kidney
	< Granular cytoplasmic staining of the Kupffer cells and hepatocytes seen with M2 antibody		<Granular cytoplasmic staining of the renal tubules Strongest staining is seen in distal (mitochondria-rich).
Stomach		HEp-2 cells
	< Granular cytoplasmic staining of the gastric cells		<Mitochondrial antibody staining cytoplasm of HEp-2 cells

Antigens: Several anti-mitochondrial antigens exist and most commonly detected is M2 which comprises of:-

Ø74 kDa E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex
Ø55 kDa Protein X of PDH
Ø51 kDa E2 subunit of the branched-chain α-ketoacid/α-ketoglutarate PDH complex
Ø45-50 kDa E1 α-subunit of PDH complex
Ø36 kDa β- subunit of PDH complex

M2 disease association: High titres occur in 95% of patients with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis.

Email: A.R.Karim@bham.ac.uk
Neuroimmunology, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England, U.K. Telephone UK 0121-415-8797,

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